http://thenational.net Painfully Honest Mon, 01 Dec 2014 07:03:24 +0000 en-US hourly 1 http://wordpress.org/?v=3.9.2 Kawasaki Ninja 650 ABS http://thenational.net/automobile/kawasaki-ninja-650-abs/3818/ http://thenational.net/automobile/kawasaki-ninja-650-abs/3818/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 07:03:24 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3818 The Ninja 650 ABS is an individual bike of those uncommon sports bikes that sense evenly at house in the capital, on the freeway, or on your favourite roundabout highway. It has the hostile fashion and lively management of a contemporary sports bike, adding the usability, petroleum market and value of an urban commuter. Thin […]

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The Ninja 650 ABS is an individual bike of those uncommon sports bikes that sense evenly at house in the capital, on the freeway, or on your favourite roundabout highway. It has the hostile fashion and lively management of a contemporary sports bike, adding the usability, petroleum market and value of an urban commuter.

Thin framework, small seat tallness and breadth, adaptable windscreen and ABS braking are just some of the normal proviso friendly skin on the Ninja 650 ABS.  The Ninja 650 ABS is obtainable in together Full Powered and Learner Accepted models which makes this sports bike as an exceptional one from those available in the market.

Kawasaki Ninja 650 ABS

Engine Specifications

The Ninja 650 sport bike is motorized by a superior, dense, liquid – chilled 649cc equivalent double engine that is prepared with a Digital Fuel Injection system featuring 38mm choke bodies with sub-choke regulators for accurate fueling. This thin engine generates considerable authority with abundance of character particularly in the short and middle range thanks to twin transparency camshafts interim on eight frivolous valves. The frivolous pistons flow in plated, liner less cylinders, while 180 degree crank congregations joined with a balancer shaft continue its softness.

Chassis and Suspension

The postponement includes a 41mm face fork while the back shock has preload modification but is counterbalance and lay at an approach to make an included line from the navigation front to the back hub. Both the front and rear postponement was jingled to supply the best ride soothe lacking sacrificing manage during sport traveling. The footbrake system exploits double 300mm petal – form front discs with double-piston calipers, while the back has a solitary 220mm petal -shaped disc and solitary piston caliper.

Body Design

The Ninja 650 armature is comparable to Kawasaki’s race- charming super sport machines, replicating their violent lines and sleek competence. An adaptable, three position windscreen is an additional bonus, permiting the proviso to reduce astonish air for highest comfort. The fairing has great openings to exploit airflow and decrease the engine heat.

Novel for 2015 are three of color alternatives that comprise Candy Lime Green / Metallic Flat Spark Black, as well as Metallic Spark Black / Metallic Flat Spark Black and lastly, Pearl Flat Stardust White and Metallic Flat Spark Black.

Conclusion

It is appealing protected to say that the Kawasaki Ninja 650 ABS is one of the finest motorcycles in its class. It is fixed with the newest technologies in the market and delivers greater ride and usage performances both on the road and on the track. Although its sporty nature, the Kawasaki Ninja 650 can be worn lacking problems as an everyday commuter but also for long drives.The Ninja 650 has a extended the past after it and each production was amid the most required bikes of its time.

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It is Good News on World AIDS Day: Beginning of the End for the Killer Disease http://thenational.net/news/good-news-world-aids-day-beginning-end-killer-disease/3921/ http://thenational.net/news/good-news-world-aids-day-beginning-end-killer-disease/3921/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 06:13:19 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3921 It is 1 December, a day dedicated to AIDS, the killer disease that has killed and infected millions of people around the world in the last 30 years. This day is observed all over the world to spread awareness about HIV and AIDS. ONE campaign, which is an advocacy group working to prevent spread of […]

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It is 1 December, a day dedicated to AIDS, the killer disease that has killed and infected millions of people around the world in the last 30 years. This day is observed all over the world to spread awareness about HIV and AIDS. ONE campaign, which is an advocacy group working to prevent spread of HIV and AIDS in African countries, has released a report that says that the world has finally reached a stage that can be described as the beginning of the end for this killer pandemic.

World-AIDS-Day

For the first time, newly affected individuals are lesser than the previous year

According to this report, the number of newly infected people with AIDS was lower than the number of people who got infected last year. HIV infected people need access to medicines on a regular basis to keep the dreaded AIDS disease at bay. However, on a somber note, ONE campaign warned the world that this good news does not mean that the end of this killer disease was round the corner. Erin Hohlfelder, Director Global Health Policy at ONE, said, “We’ve passed the tipping point in the AIDS fight at the global level, but not all countries are there yet, and the gains made can easily stall or unravel,” 

Sub Saharan African region continues to be badly affected

HIV is one of those infections that have no cure at present. This infection enters human body through blood, semen, and breast milk. HIV leads to AIDS but regular intake of antiretroviral drugs can prevent the onset of AIDS for many years. According to figures released by United Nations, 35 million people around the world are infected with HIV. Out of these, 2.1 million are those who joined this group in 2013. Sadly, 1.5 million people around the world died because of AIDS last year. Sub Saharan African region remains the hub of HIV and AIDS with maximum victims being found there.

The pandemic called AIDS was discovered in the 80’s. It has killed nearly 40 million people around the world since then. According to UNAIDS, the AIDS agency of the UN, 13.6 million people affected by AIDS had access to medicines by June 2014. This is a vast improvement over 5 million patients who had access to AIDS drugs in 2010.

There is no reason to start celebrating

Erin says that there are many threats to the ongoing campaign against spread and prevention of AIDS. One of the biggest threats is a shortfall of funds to combat this dreaded disease. Nearly $3 billion are required every year to help patients infected with HIV and AIDS every year. “We want to see bold new funding from a more diversified base, including more from African domestic budgets,” she said. She feels that despite a lowering in numbers of newly affected individuals, there should be no slackening of efforts to prevent the spread of this killer disease. “Despite the good news, we should not take a victory lap yet,” said Hohlfelder.“We want to see bold new funding from a more diversified base, including more from African domestic budgets,” she added.

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Know about Tennis elbow and its causes and symptoms http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/know-tennis-elbow-causes-symptoms/3916/ http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/know-tennis-elbow-causes-symptoms/3916/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 06:07:39 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3916 The tennis elbow also known as lateralepicondylitis is a condition of the elbow which causes pain on the outer side of the elbow because of injuries causing inflammation of tendons around your elbow. It can be commonly seen in sports person who play games like tennis or other racquet sports, but can also be seen in […]

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The tennis elbow also known as lateralepicondylitis is a condition of the elbow which causes pain on the outer side of the elbow because of injuries causing inflammation of tendons around your elbow.

It can be commonly seen in sports person who play games like tennis or other racquet sports, but can also be seen in people involved in several other sports and activities.

Tennis elbow

An inflammation of the tendons that join the forearm muscles on the outside of the elbow is usually seen in people having tennis elbow. The forearm muscles and tendons get damaged from overuse or by repeating the same motions again and again. This leads to pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow.

In some cases the pain is constant and usually occurs at rest and can affect the sleep. It may travel down the arm from the elbow towards the wrist. People might experience difficulty in holding things like knife or fork, a cup or a pen, or to straighten the arm fully. Some people might also experience stiffness in the affected arm.

A similar condition that produces pain around the inner side of the elbow is known as golfers elbow.

Causes of Tennis Elbow:

Overuse

According to the recent studies the tennis elbow is causes due to damage to a specific forearm muscle. When the muscle the extensor carpi radialisbrevis (ECRB)whose job is to stabilize the wrist when the elbow is straight, gets weakened from overuse, microscopic tears form in the tendon where it attaches to the lateral epicondyle. This leads to inflammation and pain.

The position of the muscle also increases the risk of damage like when the elbow bends and straightens, the muscle rubs against bony bumps. This can cause gradual wear and tear of the muscle over time.

Activities

A common myth is that only athletes are the people who get tennis elbow. But such is not the case. People who participate in physical work or recreational activities that require repetitive and vigorous use of the forearm muscle may be at risk of getting tennis elbow.

Painters, plumbers, and carpenters are particularly prone to developing tennis elbow. Studies have shown that auto workers, cooks, and even butchers get tennis elbow more often than the rest of the population. It is thought that the repetition and weight lifting required in these occupations leads to injury.

Age

The people who are more vulnerable to tennis elbow are between the ages of 30 and 50, although anyone can get tennis elbow if they have the risk factors. In racquet sports like tennis, improper stroke technique and improper equipment may be risk factors.

Unknown

Lateral epicondylitis may also occur without any recognized repetitive injury. This is called “insidious” or of an unknown cause.

Symptoms of tennis elbow

In tennis elbow the symptoms develop gradually. In most cases, it begins as a mild pain which worsens slowly over weeks and months.

Common signs and symptoms of tennis elbow include:

  1. Pain or burning on the outer part of your elbow
  2. Weak grip strength

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HEART ATTACK:know it and its warning signs http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/heart-attackknow-warning-signs/3912/ http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/heart-attackknow-warning-signs/3912/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 05:51:46 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3912 A heart attack is an event where the blood flow that brings oxygen to the heart muscle is severely reduced or cut off completely. This happens when the oxygenated blood carrying coronary arteries responsible for supplying blood to the heart become narrow due to plaque formation by fats, cholesterol and other substances. The process of plaque […]

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A heart attack is an event where the blood flow that brings oxygen to the heart muscle is severely reduced or cut off completely.

This happens when the oxygenated blood carrying coronary arteries responsible for supplying blood to the heart become narrow due to plaque formation by fats, cholesterol and other substances. The process of plaque formation is called as atherosclerosis.

heart_attack

Atherosclerosis can be defined as:

“Atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the arteries. Plaque is made of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin (a clotting material in the blood).”

Also Read: The effective natural herbs which are good for heart

Three possible causes of atherosclerosis that leads to damage to the arterial wall are:

  1. Elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood
  2. High blood pressure
  3. Cigarette smoking

When a plaque in the coronary artery breaks, a blood clot is formed around the plaque. This blood clot may then block the blood flow through the heart muscle. This leads to a deprived heart muscle of oxygen and nutrients and this condition is termed as ischemia.

Cardiac Ischemia can be defined as:

“Cardiac ischemia is the name for the condition in which there is a restricted or reduced blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle.”

Ischemia often causes chest pain or discomfort known as angina pectoris.

When damage or death of part of the heart muscle occurs as a result of ischemia, it is called a heart attack or myocardial infarction (MI).

Also Read: The Abnormal Rhythm Of Heart: Atrial Fibrillation

WHY IS THERE NO PRIOR WARNING OF AN HEART ATTACK?

Atherosclerosis is an asymptomatic condition.

Also lack of warning signs are due to the fact that sometimes when a coronary artery becomes narrowed, other nearby vessels that also bring blood to the heart expand to help compensate. This expanded network blood vessels is called collateral circulation and it helps to protect some people from heart attacks by providing the needed blood to the heart.

Collateral circulation can also develop after a heart attack to help the heart muscle recover.

CAN THE HEART GET PERMENANTELY DAMAGED DUE TO HEART ATTACK?

During the even that is “heart attack”, the heart muscle that has lost blood supply begins to suffer. The amount of damage to the heart muscle is dependent on the size of the areathat is supplied by the blocked coronary artery and the time lost in between the event and the beginning of the treatment.

The damaged muscle heals from a heart attack by formingscar tissue. It usually takes several weeks for the heart muscle to actually heal. The length of time depends on the extent of your injury and your own rate of healing.

The heart being a very tough organ, keeps working even though a part of it may have been severely injured.

But because the part of the heart gets damaged due to the attack it becomes weaker and is unable to pump as much blood as usual. However, with proper treatment after a heart attack and with necessary dietary and lifestyle changes further damage can either be limited or prevented.

Also Read: 10 ways to change your palate to have a hearty HEART!!

TERMS THAT INDICATE HEART ATTACK

Myocardial infarction(medical term for a heart attack): The damaging or death of an area of the heart muscle (myocardium) resulting from a blocked blood supply to that area.

Coronary thrombosis(coronary occlusion): Formation of a clot in one of the arteries that conduct blood to the heart muscle. A coronary occlusion hinders blood flow to some part of the heart muscle. Hence, possible cause of heart attacks.

WARNING SIGNS OF AN HEART ATTACK

Some heart attacks are sudden and intense where there are no doubts asto what’s happening. But most of them start slowly, with mild pain or discomfort. Often people aren’t sure as to what is actually wrong with them and wait too long before getting help. Here are signs that can mean a heart attack is happening:

  1. Chest discomfort. Most heart attacks involve discomfort in the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or that goes away and comes back. It can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain.
  2. Discomfort in other areas of the upper body. Symptoms can include pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach.
  3. Shortness of breath with or without chest discomfort.
  4. Other signs may include breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness.

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Health benefits of WALNUTS http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/health-benefits-walnuts/3908/ http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/health-benefits-walnuts/3908/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 05:43:34 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3908 Walnut is an edible kernel of the tree nut Juglans regia, belonging to the Juglandaceae family.It was originated in India and the regions surrounding the Caspian Sea. In the 4th century AD, the ancient Romans introduced the walnut to many European countries. Since then the walnuts have been revered as symbol of intellectuality as their bi-lobed kernels have a […]

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Walnut is an edible kernel of the tree nut Juglans regia, belonging to the Juglandaceae family.It was originated in India and the regions surrounding the Caspian Sea. In the 4th century AD, the ancient Romans introduced the walnut to many European countries.

Since then the walnuts have been revered as symbol of intellectuality as their bi-lobed kernels have a convoluted surface inside the shell resembling the human brain. The nuts are enriched with multitude use and many health-benefits.

walnuts

They are loaded with protein and fiber, and are also a good source of the healthy fat ALPHA-LINOLEIC ACID (ALA). Walnuts are the supplier of the amino acid L-ARGININE which gets converted to nitric oxide, a compound that causes blood vessels to dilate, improving the blood flow to the muscles.

Walnuts are rich in VITAMIN E of the type gammatocopherol which has been shown to help protect prostate cells from cancer. They also help in counteracting the SATURATED FATS in the meal and thus keep the arteries flexible and also reduce the risk of inflammation.

They are also the source of minerals like MANGANESE and COPPER which are essential for destroying the free radicals that cause cell breakdown and premature aging.

Health benefits of Walnuts

Walnuts can provide you with a rich source of energy because they contain health benefiting nutrients, minerals, antioxidants and vitamins that are essential for optimum health.

Monounsaturated fatty acids like oleic acid and all important omega-3 essential fatty acids like linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and arachidonic acidsare abundantly found in walnuts.

Regular intake of walnuts will help you in lowering the total as well as LDL (low density lipoprotein) or “bad cholesterol” and increasing HDL (high density lipoprotein) or “good cholesterol” levels in the blood.

Research have proved that the diet which is rich in mono-unsaturated fatty acids, and omega-3 fatty acids help to prevent coronary artery disease, and strokes by favoring healthy blood lipid profile.

It is an already established fact that omega-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory properties that help in lowering blood pressure. It also offers protection against cancers like breast, colon and prostate cancers.

Also in addition to this walnuts are a rich source of many phytochemical substances that may contribute to their overall anti-oxidant activity, including melatonin, ellagic acid, vitamin E, carotenoids, and polyphenolic compounds. These compounds impart potential health benefits and offer resistance against cancer, aging, inflammation, and neurological diseases.

Scientists have recently discovered that walnuts have highest levels of polyphenolic antioxidants than any other common edible nuts and about 100 g of walnuts carry 13541 µmol TE (Trolex equivalents) of oxidant radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Thus eating near about  six to seven walnuts a day could help scavenge almost all the disease causing free radicals from the your body.

Vitamin E type gamma-tocopherol which is a powerful lipid soluble antioxidant is required for maintaining the integrity of cell membrane of mucus membranes and skin and it does it by protecting it from harmful oxygen-free radicals. This form of vitamin E is found in abundance in walnuts.

Walnuts are a pack house of Vitamin B-complexthat includes riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B-6, and folates.

They also very are rich source of minerals such as manganese, copper, potassium, calcium, iron,magnesium, zinc, and selenium. These minerals perform following functions in the body:

  1. Copper:a cofactor for many vital enzymes, including cytochrome c-oxidase and superoxide dismutase (other minerals function as co-factors for this enzyme are manganese and zinc).
  2. Zinc:a co-factor required for many enzymatic reactions that regulate growth and development, sperm generation, digestion, and nucleic acid synthesis.
  3. Selenium is an important micronutrient, which functions as a co-factor for anti-oxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidases.

Walnut oilwhich has a flavorful nutty aroma exhibits excellent astringent properties. When applied locally, it helps to keep skin well protected from dryness. It also has a wide usage as cooking oil, as “carrier or base oil” in traditional medicines in massage therapy, aromatherapy, in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.

“Munching a handful of walnuts is all u have to do to gain the recommended levels of minerals, vitamins, and protein.”

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Jindal Steel Aims to make its Vijayanagar Unit Largest in the World http://thenational.net/economy/jindal-steel-aims-make-vijayanagar-unit-largest-world/3903/ http://thenational.net/economy/jindal-steel-aims-make-vijayanagar-unit-largest-world/3903/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 05:04:26 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3903 Jindal Steel and Power Limited is a part of the giant Jindal Group Conglomerate. It is one of the largest steel making companies of India. Its chairman Sajjan Jindal yesterday said that the group aims to make its Vijaynagar plant in Bellary district of Karnataka the largest single location steel plant in the world. He […]

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Jindal Steel and Power Limited is a part of the giant Jindal Group Conglomerate. It is one of the largest steel making companies of India. Its chairman Sajjan Jindal yesterday said that the group aims to make its Vijaynagar plant in Bellary district of Karnataka the largest single location steel plant in the world. He was speaking at a meeting organized by Institute of Steel Development and Growth in Kolkata. Vijayanagar plant is already making 10 Million Ton of steel per annum which JSW aims to increase to 12 Million Ton.

 JSW Steel

Largest steel plant not just in India but entire world

“Earlier, my dream was to make Vijayanagar the largest steel plant in India now I want to make it largest in the world. Its capacity will gradually go up to 20 Million Ton,” said Sajjan Jindal. He added that JSW is investing Rupees 2000 crores in the construction of a slurry pipeline that will transport imported iron ore from Maharashtra to Vijayanagar. JSW owns a port in Ratnagiri from where this iron ore will be carried through this pipeline to the steel plant in Vijayanagar. This pipeline, once it is constructed, will cut down a lot of expenditure incurred by the company on transporting iron ore to its steel plant in Vijaynagar through railways. “This 500km-long pipeline will help us cut down cost and the entire investment will be recovered in one year. We shall pump in 25 million tonne iron ore through this pipeline,” said Sajjan. This pipeline would have the capacity to transport nearly 25 Million Ton of iron ore per annum.

India should not export raw iron ore but export value added products

Sajjan Jindal excitedly told the audience that JSW is planning to overcome the hurdle of dearth of resources by cutting down on its costs and also by making optimum utilization of its manpower. He said that the success of JSW in Karnataka that is a landlocked state is despite the fact that the group owns no iron ore and coal mines there.  He said that JSW is currently importing 50% of iron fines to reach its target of steel production. But the company plans to cut this import down to 10% of iron fines by the year 2015. Jindal feels that India should not export its precious iron ore to foreign countries. It should rather convert this raw natural resource to make steel and export it to earn higher revenues. In fact, Jindal said that India should use all the steel it makes for the development of its infrastructure and export value added products made of steel such as automobile parts and other appliances.

Shelved plans to acquire Italian steel companies

Jindal said that JSW has shelved its plans to acquire ailing steel mills of Lucchiny, the Italian steel manufacturing company. There are also no plans to take over Ilva, another Italian steel making company. He expressed disappointment over the current state of steel manufacturing project at Shalboni in WB saying that the proposed project remain in a state of limbo. This is because of the shortage of iron ore at the proposed site to make steel. He said that JSW planned to start a power project there but it too hit a roadblock because of absence of coalmine linkage at the site.

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Secrets behind the Powerful Health Benefits of the Pomegranate http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/secrets-behind-powerful-health-benefits-pomegranate/3900/ http://thenational.net/lifestyle-health/secrets-behind-powerful-health-benefits-pomegranate/3900/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 04:47:47 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3900 With a scientific name Punica granatum, pomegranate is known to be one of the oldest fruits whose mention can be found in writings and artifacts of many cultures and religions. It being nutrient dense and antioxidant rich, the pomegranate has been revered as a symbol of health, fertility and eternal life. It is a red […]

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With a scientific name Punica granatum, pomegranate is known to be one of the oldest fruits whose mention can be found in writings and artifacts of many cultures and religions. It being nutrient dense and antioxidant rich, the pomegranate has been revered as a symbol of health, fertility and eternal life.

It is a red fruit with a tough outer layer. Only the juice and the seeds of the fruit are edible.

Health Benefits of the Pomegranate

Pomegranate is one of the most popularfruit because it not only has a unique flavor and taste but it is also nutritionally rich fruit with and heath promoting characteristics. Among fruits like berries and mangoes, it too has novel qualities of functional foods, often called as “super fruits.”

The pomegranate is a food source rich in phytochemical compounds. It also contains high levels of flavonoids, polyphenols and potent antioxidantswhich offerprotection against heart disease and cancer. A glass of pomegranate juice can provide you with more antioxidants than red wine, green tea, blueberries, and cranberries.

Punicalagin is a compound which is found only in pomegranates and is considered responsible for itsantioxidant and health benefits. According to a recent study,punicalagin is beneficial for the heart and blood vessels as it not only lowers cholesterol, but also lowers blood pressure and increases the speed at which the plaque formed in the blood vessels (atherosclerosis) melt away.

Some other studies that were carried out to study the health aspect of pomegranate have indicated that there is a potent antioxidant compounds found in pomegranates which help in reducing platelet aggregation and naturally lower blood pressure, factors that prevent both heart attacks and strokes.

The role of pomegranate is not just restricted to the heart health but it also inhibits breast cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, leukemia and prevents vascular changes that promote tumor growth in lab animals. There are several in vitro studies to prove this remarkable anti-cancer effect. Also of note, pomegranate juice contains phytochemical compounds that stimulate serotonin and estrogen receptors, improving symptoms of depression and increasing bone mass in lab animals.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF POMEGRANATE:

  1. Anti-aging effects:  As already been established that pomegranates contain plentiful amounts of antioxidants, they are efficient is absorbing the free radicals in the body thus offering protection against cardiovascular diseases and various forms of cancers.
  1. Kidney protection: A new research has indicated that an extract of pomegranate helps in preventing kidney damage and protects it from harmful toxins.
  1. Liver protection and regeneration:  A new research published in the journal Toxicology and industrial health has been able to prove that the pomegranate juice not only protects the liver but it also helps it to regenerate after suffering from damage.
  1. Immune-booster:  Pomegranates and pomegranate juice are full of Vitamin C which acts as an immune booster which helps to fight off various diseases.
  1. Anti-allergic:  The polyphenols present in the pomegranates helps in reducing the biochemical processes that are linked with allergies.
  1. Breast-cancer protection:  The presence of nutritional components: luteolin, ellagic acid, and punicic acid in the pomegranate juice helps against breast cancer as established by research.  It was also indicated that the pomegranate juice and its extracts are potentially a very effective treatment option to prevent cancer progression.
  1. Skin-cancer protection:  According to a new research, consumption of pomegranate was associated with a decrease in both main types of skin cancer—basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
  1. DNA-protection:  The antioxidants and/or phytonutrients in pomegranates help in protecting the body’s genetic material, DNA as they appear to interact with it.

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Tetanus neurotoxin pathway discovery could lead to motor neuron disease treatment http://thenational.net/news/tetanus-neurotoxin-pathway-discovery-lead-motor-neuron-disease-treatment/3897/ http://thenational.net/news/tetanus-neurotoxin-pathway-discovery-lead-motor-neuron-disease-treatment/3897/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 04:31:24 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3897 The tetanus neurotoxin pathway discovered by the researchers could potentially be used to deliver treatments to the nervous system for other neurological conditions such as motor neuron disease. The bacteriaClostridium tetani is the causative agent of the infectious disease Tetanus.It is a potentially life-threatening bacterial disease, characterized by muscular spasms and stiffness, particularly in the […]

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The tetanus neurotoxin pathway discovered by the researchers could potentially be used to deliver treatments to the nervous system for other neurological conditions such as motor neuron disease.

The bacteriaClostridium tetani is the causative agent of the infectious disease Tetanus.It is a potentially life-threatening bacterial disease, characterized by muscular spasms and stiffness, particularly in the jaw and neck, which can interfere with breathing. Usually the spores of Clostridium tetani enter the body through open wounds and producepowerful toxins that have the capability to impair the motor neurons.

Tetanus neurotoxin pathway

The research was carried out in the University College London (UCL) in the UK.According to it, the scientists where able to explain how thetetanus neurotoxin enters the nervous system and also why it is so toxic even when encountered in small quantities.

The research has indicated that a group of protein molecules called nidogensthat coat the surfaces of the cells play an important role in the tetanus neurotoxin pathway. The tetanus neurotoxin gains entry into the nervous system by adhering to these proteins and thus gets “shuttled” inside the cells. Once inside, the neurotoxin then begins to spread and cause damage throughout the nervous system.

According to the study author Kinga Bercsenyi:

“The nidogen coating around nerve cells acts like fly paper, attracting tetanus neurotoxins to cluster around them. This explains why tetanus neurotoxin is so poisonous even at low doses, as it largely concentrates around motor neuron terminals, which are surrounded by high levels of nidogens.”

A paradigm shift and a new way to finding a treatment

The study that was carried out is published in Science and is funded by the Medical Research Council.The researchers inhibited the interaction between tetanus neurotoxin and nidogens in mice and found that by doing do , the neurotoxin was prevented from binding with neurons, and thus the mice were protected from spastic paralysis caused by tetanus.

Through exploiting nidogens in the same way that the bacteria do, the researchers hope that new methods can be developed with which to deliver drugs directly into the nervous system.

Senior author Prof. Giampietro Schiavofurther added that finding a way to successfully transport treatment to the motor neurons will solve half the problem of treating neurological disorders. He said that“Now that we understand how tetanus gets in, we hope to mimic the mechanism to deliver advanced therapies.”

The approach is similar to virotherapy, whereby modified viruses are used to transport drugs to particular areas of the body or to attack harmful cells.

Prof. Schiavo also explained that by utilizing a pre-existing pathway into motor neurons is important because creating new routes into cells can cause damage, adding:

“Our discovery should complement virotherapy, as protein engineers could design molecular shuttles that bind to and enter motor neurons in the same way as tetanus. The qualities that make tetanus such a powerful neurotoxin could help us to develop targeted treatments for patients with some of the most debilitating and paralyzing conditions.”

This finding would prove immensely beneficial for patients with conditions such as motor neuron diseases that include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and peripheral neuropathies. These conditions currently lack either cures or standard forms of treatment, but this could change following the new findings.

Although an effective tetanus vaccine is available there are still no targeted treatmentsfor it. According to the authors, with their current findings there could be a way for the development of therapeutics for the prevention of tetanus by targeting the protein-protein interaction.

Prof. Schiavo concluded by saying that “We have now shown that the matrix around neurons plays a major role in cell entry, offering a new route for delivering treatments. This discovery will help us to develop better treatments for motor and sensory neurons that concentrate in the right place, making them more effective at lower doses and reducing side effects.”

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ISIS Knows only How to Kill and Rape: Areeb Majid http://thenational.net/news/isis-knows-kill-rape-areeb-majid/3894/ http://thenational.net/news/isis-knows-kill-rape-areeb-majid/3894/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 04:27:31 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3894 In a chilling confession statement given by Areeb Majid, ISIS recruit sent back to India for treatment of his injuries, it has been revealed that ISIS is one terror organization that is most brutal and violent in taking revenge on those it considers its enemies. Areeb has given a lot of information to the National […]

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In a chilling confession statement given by Areeb Majid, ISIS recruit sent back to India for treatment of his injuries, it has been revealed that ISIS is one terror organization that is most brutal and violent in taking revenge on those it considers its enemies. Areeb has given a lot of information to the National Investigating Agency. This information is being considered as extremely crucial in understanding the methods employed by ISIS to recruit, train, and deploy youth to carry out terror activities. Areeb was recruited by ISIS along with his three friends and sent to Iraq to receive training. All 4 got separated after their training as Areeb was given a job in construction on the basis of his qualification as a civil engineering student.

Areeb-Majeed Brought TO Court

Areeb-Majeed Brought To Court

 

Areeb says he was soon disillusioned by what he saw in ISIS

Areeb is one of the 4 recruits who hail from Kalyan area of Mumbai. He told NIA that he was expecting a haven when he went to join ISIS but he soon became disillusioned as he saw too much of violence and brutality that made him desperate to somehow escape from the clutches of this terror outfit. He told the judge that he received gunshot injuries in his shoulder in August after which ISIS sent him to Turkey for treatment. Areeb said that he received no help and medical assistance for 4 days after being hit by bullets. It was only after begging persistently that he was sent to Turkey by ISIS for treatment. Indian government that was desperately seeking the whereabouts of these 4 missing youths got this information from its intelligence sources. Government agencies secured release and escape of Areeb from Turkey.

A contact in Bhiwandi guided him

Public prosecutor Geeta Godambe told the judge that Areeb has revealed in his interrogation that there was no indoctrination by ISIS and he along with his friends went to Iraq on their own. Areeb was influenced by the goal of ISIS to establish a Caliphate and to expand it all over the world. He accepted that he was provided with arms training by ISIS. He told interrogating officers that he was soon frustrated and fed up with all that he saw inside ISIS. He said that He made contact with his family back home as soon as he reached Turkey.

Authorities are proceeding with caution

There are many loopholes in the version of his visit to Iraq and back to India. Authorities are not willing to buy his theory that ISIS sent him to Turkey for treatment of his wounds and they also do not believe that ISIS gave $2000 to Areeb when he was released by ISIS and sent to Turkey. NIA is trying to get its hands upon the contact from Bhiwandi that Areeb has mentioned in his interrogation. It is only when this contact comes into the hands of NIA that government hopes to know the details of how he lured Indian youth to work for ISIS. NIA officers are also trying to verify the details given by Areeb as they want to be extremely sure that they are not being misguided by him. This is also the reason why NIA is planning to make Areeb undergo a narco analysis test to verify the truth in his statements.

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Sindhu Lifts Macau Open Title http://thenational.net/sports/sindhu-lifts-macau-open-title/3891/ http://thenational.net/sports/sindhu-lifts-macau-open-title/3891/#comments Mon, 01 Dec 2014 04:24:33 +0000 http://thenational.net/?p=3891 India’s rising badminton star P V Sindhu lifted Macau open title in style when she beat Kim Hyo Min of South Korea in just 45 minutes at Tap Seac Multisport Pavilion in Macau on Sunday. The world number 11 was in relentless form, bulldozing past her hapless opponent in straight sets with consummate ease. Sindhu […]

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India’s rising badminton star P V Sindhu lifted Macau open title in style when she beat Kim Hyo Min of South Korea in just 45 minutes at Tap Seac Multisport Pavilion in Macau on Sunday. The world number 11 was in relentless form, bulldozing past her hapless opponent in straight sets with consummate ease. Sindhu had earlier defeated Busanan Ongbumrungpan of Thailand in the semifinals. This is the first title of the season for the two time bronze medallist at world championships. She is sure to rise in the world ranking after her title win.

 PV-Sindhu

Kim was confident at the start

Kim Hyo Min was looking very confident at the start of the match as she had entered the final after scoring a great victory of China’s Yu Sen who was seeded 7th in the tournament. But Kim was no match to the experience and guile of P V Sindhu who held her nerves to overcome the challenge of this South Korean shuttler.  Kim jumped into a 3-0 lead early in the first game. But it did not take long for Sindhu to find the weak links in the armor of the Korean girl as she levelled at 6-6 and even went ahead by 7-6.

Sindhu quickly decoded the game of her opponent

Kim sought to break back into the game with the help of her deceptive backhand returns. But Sindhu quickly countered back with hard smashes with her forehand. Sindhu continued to notch up winners to lead by a margin of 11-8 at the time of interval. She was in full flow after the break as she caught the hapless Korean on the wrong foot a couple of times to pocket the first game at 21-12. Kim put up a better performance in the 2nd game though she continued to make unforced errors by hitting long and wide. The score was tied at 7-7 and the Korean event went into a slender lead when misjudgment on the part of Sindhu cost her point.

Sindhu won 5 consecutive points

But after allowing the Korean to lead 11-8, Sindhu finally got back into her groove as she played some deceptive winners to go up to 13-11. This was a period of play when the Korean player was a mute spectator as Sindhu won 5 straight points. Kim fought bravely to gain parity once again at 13-13. But she was unable to anticipate the drift correctly and continued to hit long and wide to fall behind by 13-17. Sindhu’s unforced errors provided another twist in the game as the Korean clawed back to 16-17.

Korean girl failed to return a few smashes played by Sindhu as the Indian star gained a healthy 4 point lead. Kim hit a long shot that went out of the court to give Sindhu a well deserved victory in the end. With this win, Sindhu has successfully defended the Macau Open title that she had won last year.

Praise from all quarters

National badminton coach P Gopichand has hailed the victory of Sindhu in Macau Open. He praised her consistency that helped her do so well in this season, feels Gopichand. He said that this title win by Sindhu caps a season that was perhaps the best year for Indian badminton. Prime Minister Modi has congratulated Sindhu on her title win. “I am delighted to hear about P V Sindhu’s victory at the Macau Open. Her accomplishments make our entire nation very proud,” said PM Modi.

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